Looking at it purely scientifically, the Moon, an indispensable adornment of romantic moments, is merely a huge lifeless mass orbiting the Earth. However, for humans in the past, the Moon had a multiple role: it was not only a precious light for the nocturnal traveler, but the regular rhythm of the Moon’s phases formed the basis of the first calendar. Moreover, since humans were once in close contact with nature, they were able to observe the Moon’s influence on the life pulse of everything that grows on Earth. And finally, as for ancient humans everything visible was symbolically connected to the invisible, the Moon has been one of the most powerful and prevalent symbols in all cultures throughout countless centuries of human history.
Its basic symbolic meaning derives from the fact that it does not emit its own light but reflects the light of the Sun, like a mirror. This points to the principle of passivity and receptivity, as well as the principle of reflection. Its influence on Earth’s waters has been known since ancient times and it is symbolically connected to water as such, as well as to the fertility nošću i rastom.
The Moon is a timeless and enduring symbol of woman and the feminine principle. In art, especially poetry, both classical and modern, in myths and legends, the Moon has represented the essence of woman, just as the Sun, through solar heroes, represents the essence of man. It is precisely in correlation with the symbolism of the Sun as an active, masculine principle that the Moon becomes part of universal duality. These are not opposing contradictions, but rather complementarity – the presence of one necessarily implies the presence of the other.
Another important symbolic aspect of the Moon comes from its phases. It periodically waxes, wanes, and disappears, symbolizing periodicity and renewal, growth, death, and transformation, but also human destiny after death, as according to many mythologies, the soul of a person moves to the invisible side of the Moon after death.
For Mircea Eliade, the Moon is a symbol of life that is subject to the universal law of evolution, birth, and death. The Moon, just like a human being, its death is never final. Because of this belief, the Moon is seen as a source of eternal rejuvenation and regeneration, representing hope and the cyclical nature of life. of realizaciju, bio je povezan s Mjesecom. On je predstavljen kao bog mjeseca, umjetnosti, mudrosti i magije. Thot je bio pokrovitelj astrologije i proricanja.
GRČKA
U grčkoj mitologiji, Mjesec je bio personificiran kao boginja Selena. Bila je sestra sunčeve božice Helije i boginja zore Eos. Selena je vozikala noćnim nebom u svojoj kočiji, vučenoj srebrnim konjima.
MAJA
U majanskoj kulturi, Mjesec je bio vrlo važan simbol. Mjesec je bio povezan s bogom Kukulkanom, koji je bio bog plodnosti, kiše i životinja.
INDIJA
U hinduističkoj mitologiji, Mjesec je personificiran kao boginja Chandra. Ona je predstavljala ljepotu, romantiku i osjećajnost.
Mjesec je, dakle, u mnogim kulturama bio simbol ženske, intuitivne energije. Predstavljao je osjećaje, snove, maštu i tajanstvenost noći. Njegova svjetlost je bila inspiracija umjetnicima i pesimisticima, pružajući im nadu i utjehu u vremenu tame. Mjesec je bio i vodič kroz različite ritmove i cikluse života, podsjećajući nas na važnost prirodnih zakona i reda.
Thoth, god of wisdom and writing, was the most important lunar deity in ancient Egypt. He was depicted as a man with the head of an ibis. Thoth is an ancient deity with a cult center in Hermopolis. The White and Black ibises governed the wheel of time, symbolizing the two sides of the moon and its cyclic nature. The myth says that Ra created the moon and appointed Thoth as its lord. This was a reward because Thoth returned his lost eye. Since then, he has also been known as the White Disc, ruler of the celestial gods. Due to his constant and measured movement across the sky, he was associated with time and called the Timekeeper.
In the ritual of weighing the heart of the deceased, Thoth appears as the divine scribe, the one who records the judgment. In this role, he is the god of writing and memory, and he brings the truth to light. That is why he is also the messenger of the gods, and the Greeks identified him with their Hermes.
Thoth is also said to be the first of the great magicians, and his name has become a generic term for all ancient Egyptian sages. He is the creator of hieroglyphs; legend has it that he wrote a book about magic that contained all the knowledge of the world. He is the one who taught Isis the magical arts, which earned her the title of the great witch.
Isis, as an aspect of the cosmic Mother, represents primal matter, the deity of love that creates life. As the ruler of the night and Moon magic, she was sometimes veiled, hiding the deepest mysteries of nature. Isis and her sister Nephthys symbolize the two sides of the Moon: Isis is the bright and visible side, and Nephthys is the dark side of the Moon, its occult and invisible face.
Khonsu is another Egyptian deity of the Moon. Together with his parents, the god Amun and the goddess Mut, he formed the Theban triad of gods. His name can be interpreted as “to cross over” or “wanderer,” because like the Moon, he steadily moves across the starry sky. The remains of his temple can be found in the temple complex of Karnak in Thebes.
GREECE
The Moon j In Greece, in one of its aspects, it is connected to the world of the dead, as it is the one who dies every month since it is invisible during the three nights. Celebrations in honor of lunar deities were generally celebrated around the autumn equinox. They were harvest celebrations and fertility celebrations.
Selena, the daughter of the Titan Hyperion and the goddess Theia, was the goddess of the Moon. Like her brother Helios, the god of the Sun, she had chariots in which she crossed the celestial vault, but unlike the sun chariots, hers moved slowly as they were pulled by two snow-white cows or donkeys. A veil in the shape of a crescent moon fluttered above her head.
As a lunar deity, she is associated with water and fertility. The myth tells that before she sets out on her nightly journey, she bathes in the Ocean, and if there is a great drought, she draws moisture from the Ocean and sprinkles it as dew on the thirsty earth. Plants grow under her gaze, and farmers follow her changes in order to carry out agricultural work at the right times. Time. The grain was harvested when the Moon was waning, and honey was collected for winter. The most favorable time for a wedding was during the new moon, when the Moon (symbol of the woman) was near the Sun (symbol of the man).
Selena fell in love with Endymion, a handsome young man who was punished by Zeus with eternal sleep. According to one version of the myth, Selena leans over the sleeping Endymion every night, trying to wake him up, but in vain; hence the Moonlight is somewhat sad. According to another version, Endymion returned her love and they had fifty daughters, which is associated with the fifty lunar months that pass between two Olympic Games.
Artemis is the goddess of the Moonlight, just as her brother Apollo is the god of Sunlight. Initially, she was a pastoral deity, the goddess of hunting and forests, or the goddess of nature. She is usually depicted carrying a torch, or with the moon and stars forming a halo of light around her head.
In her aspect as the goddess of childbirth and the protector of purity and innocence, she was depicted She is like a virgin of strict beauty, with short hair, wearing a short tunic, often accompanied by a deer or a dog. She is the combative and victorious aspect of female nature, while Aphrodite is the goddess of beauty, charm, and loveliness.
Hekate is a lunar deity associated with the mysterious, underground, and the world of enchantment and magic. She is of triple nature, as she is the goddess of the Moon in the sky, the goddess of childbirth and protector of the young on earth, and the ruler and guardian of mysteries in the underworld. She is Trimorphos (Triple-formed), as she embodies aspects of Selene, Artemis, and Persephone.
She is depicted with a torch in her hand, accompanied by spirits and howling dogs. She loves crossroads, places where three paths meet, which is why she is also called Triodia (Lady of the Crossroads). She sends apparitions and frightens nocturnal travelers, but at the same time, she also protects against apparitions, which is why her statue was placed at the entrance gates for this purpose. Black dogs were offered as sacrifice to her. On the last day of the month, a meal was placed in front of her statues, which was then eaten by the poor (known as Hecate’s Supper). banqueting in the basement).
CHINA
According to ancient legends, the Sun and the Moon shared a common ancestor. It was Emperor Shun. Initially, there were ten suns and twelve months. Only one of them would appear in the sky at a time. The myth tells that the goddess Chang-hsi gave birth to twelve months and that before their journey across the night sky, she would bathe them in the Western Lake. That’s why the new, or young, Moon is always first seen in the west.
Once, ten suns appeared in the sky, threatening to burn everything on Earth, so the famous archer Yi, on Emperor Yao’s order, shot down nine of them. As a reward for his deed, he was supposed to receive the elixir of immortality, but his wife Heng-o stole it. Fearing her husband’s anger, she fled to the Moon where she was turned into a frog by the rabbit that lives there.
In ancient China, ceremonies in honor of the Moon were celebrated during the time of the autumn full moon. It is a celebration for women and children, and during its observance, sweet cakes with engraved ideograms are eaten. “Month and rabbit.”
INDIA
In the Vedic times, “soma” was the name for a drink obtained from a plant with the same name. This drink was a source of strength and immortality, thanks to which the gods were able to achieve victory over demons in battles. Due to its importance, “soma” became the all-powerful god associated with the moon.
When seven great sages ascended to the sky and became the seven stars of the Great Bear, Agni, the god of fire, became the Sun, and “soma” became the Moon. Brahma determined that he would be the ruler of planets and stars, plants, and the master of sacrificial rituals.
“Soma” had twenty-seven wives who were the daughters of Daksha, the lord of creation, and Virini, whose name means night. It takes the moon approximately 27 days to pass through all the zodiac constellations, so according to Indian astrology, the zodiac is divided into 27 “nakshatras”, which are the abodes of the Moon.
The origin of the Moon’s phases is explained by a myth involving “soma’s” inappropriate behavior. He devoted all his attention to only one of his wives, Rohini (a star). Aldebaran) The other gods complained to their father Daksha about what Soma had done. After multiple warnings, Daksha cursed him, causing Soma to start shrinking. However, as he shrank, the plants also withered, and all creatures weakened. The gods were afraid of the general downfall, so they begged Daksha to alleviate his curse. That is why today the Moon grows during one half of the month and shrinks during the other.
We have presented several cultures and learned that the lunar world, seen through the prism of various deities, is truly the world of the unseen, the hidden. The Moon sails in its nocturnal boat, illuminating the world submerged in sleep with silver light. It is an intermediary light, the light of reflection in the mirror of life. Let’s harmonize within ourselves the two opposing tendencies: the “daytime” active one, which leads us to tireless action, and the “nighttime” one, in which there is the possibility of contemplation as an active inner life, so that we may approach our own archetype, our essence. The provided text seems to be incomplete or does not make sense on its own. Could you please provide me with the full text that needs translation?