Arch of Triumphs in the Roman Empire

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Roman culture, the last great culture of the ancient world, was created on the Hellenistic heritage. However, Greek and Roman cultures were based on different value systems. Greek artists were deeply religious and their greatest architectural achievement was the temple. In their artistic expression, they sought the universal, the ideal form, and they sought harmony … Read more

Medieval Gardens

After the fall of the Roman Empire, the entire Europe was engulfed in centuries-long wars and general poverty, in which urban culture remained preserved only in traces. In such circumstances, all forms of classical art, including the art of garden design, almost completely evaporated and disappeared. The Church, with its monasteries, remained the only bearer … Read more